Journal of Osaka Dental University
Online ISSN : 2189-6488
Print ISSN : 0475-2058
ISSN-L : 0475-2058
Implants in mandibular incisor extraction sockets of diabetic aged rats
Hiromasa NakamuraHiroshi NishizakiJoji Okazaki
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JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

2012 Volume 46 Issue 1 Pages 121-125

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Abstract

In recent years, the number of diabetes mellitus patients in Japan has been increasing in all age groups. Underlying factors are thought to include both the westernization of living habits and the aging of the population. Kusunoki et al. demonstrated that osteoporosis markedly inhibits osteogenesis in the tooth sockets in the ovariectomized rat model of osteoporosis. Conversely, Sakai et al. showed that type 2 diabetes does not markedly affect bone healing in 10-week-old type 2 diabetes model rats (GK rats). In the present study, we attempted to quantitatively clarify the effects of chronic hyperglycemia following diabetes onset on tooth socket bone healing.
The experimental animals comprised male GK rats aged 10 weeks (n = 12) and 18 months (n = 12) and 24 age-matched male Wistar rats (control). Based on the methods used by Sato et al. and Sakai et al., the left mandibular incisor was extracted after pretreatment and a titanium alloy screw was immediately implanted into the tooth socket. At 3- and 9-weeks post-implantation, screw removal torque was measured using a hand-held torque gauge and the degree of socket healing was biomechanically and comparatively investigated.
The results revealed a significant difference in bone healing for age and observation period (p<0.01) but not for the presence or absence of disease. A significant difference was also observed for the interaction between the factors of age and observation period (p<0.01). These findings suggest that although tooth socket bone healing was essentially unaffected by comparatively well controlled type 2 diabetes, it was strongly influenced by age. However, as age-related decrease in bone mass is alleviated by the accompanying decrease in bone turnover, there are reports of a greater increase in bone mass in elderly people compared to healthy adults. Further histological and biomechanical assessments as well as detailed investigation of bone vulnerability are required in addition to study on tooth socket bone mass and density.

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© 2012 Osaka Odontological Society
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