Comparison of EEG analysis systems during lidocaine-induced seizure activity and administration of valproic acid in rabbits

Abstract

Based on algorithm differences between aperiodic and power spectrum analysis of the electroencephalogram (EEG), we hypothesized that the effects on the EEG of an antiepileptic drug would be equally well detected with either lidocaine-induced seizure by aperiodic analysis or by power spectrum analysis. However, the former is superior.EEG activity was recorded in anesthetized rabbits prior to intravenous infusion of valproic acid and lidocaine and after the onset of EEG activity. Values for delta, theta, alpha, beta, and total activity, as well as edge frequency were compared within each group, and were expressed as percent change from baseline for comparison between aperiodic and power spectrum analysis. With valproic acid, EEG changes were modest and the two methods of EEG analysis were significantly different from one another for only two of the 12 comparisons. With lidocaine, the lidocaine-induced seizure activity was associated with widespread EEG changes which were better detected by aperiodic analysis than by power spectrum analysis. Comparison between the two methods of analysis indicated significant differences for theta, alpha, and beta activity and edge frequency. These results indicate that both methods of analysis may be suitable to detect modest drug-induced EEG changes, whereas aperiodic analysis is superior for detection of widespread seizure activity. (J Osaka Dent Univ 2016 ; 50 : 23-29)