Preventive Effect of Eye Drops of Liposomes Containing Disulfiram and Cefmetazole on Selenite-Induced Cataract in Rat Pups

Abstract

Disulfiram (DSF) and cefmetazole (CMZ), which possess with anti-oxidative activities were tested for anti-cataract effect in rats and were compared with pirenoxine (PRX), which is a marketed product used for the treatment of cataract. These compounds were encapsulated in liposomes and the results were compared with the anti-cataract effect of suspension and solution formulations containing same contents of each other agents. Instillations of DSF- and CMZ-liposomes prevented the development of cataract in selenite-injected rat pups. On the other hand, no anti-cataract effects were observed in selenite-induced cataract rats instilled with DSF suspensions and CMZ solutions. The reduced form of glutathione (GSH) content of the lenses was decreased by approximately 60% of normal level 96 h after the sodium selenite-injection and the calcium (Ca²⁺) content was increased. The decreased GSH and increased Ca²⁺ levels were prevented by instillation of DSF- and CMZ-liposomes. Instillation of PRX-liposomes and 0.03% PRX solution had no effect on the development of cataract. The results of this study confirmed that anti-oxidative agents such as DSF and CMZ were useful to prevent cataract development related to oxidative stress.