A review on 130 original papers for the 22 th Japan Oil Chemists' Society Award is presented. Distributions and structures of 5-olefinic non-methylene-interrupted polyenoic acids from Gymonospermae seeds and marine invertebrates, cis-5-icosenoic acid in sea urchins, geometrical configurations of parinaric and other conjugated acids, components and compositions of marine lipids, packed column and open-tubular GC of lipid components, HPLC separations of mono-and diacyl- and alkylglycerol enantiomers on chiral stationary phases, preparation of peracid type resins and epoxidation with them, olefine metathesis with tungstene hexachloride and cocatalyst, and autoxidation and lipoxygenase oxidation of various unsaturated fatty acid esters are described.