Implementation of the wall function for the three dimensional finite element turbulent flow simulation

Abstract

The present paper describes a procedure to realize the wall function as the natural boundary condition of the finite element formulation for turbulent flow analysis. There are two key ingredients in the present methods: 1) definition of the local tangential plane on arbitrarily curved solid surface in which the wall law takes place; 2) transformation of element coefficient matrices in accordance with the local coordinate transformation of the wall boundary freedoms. The present wall boundary condition is applied to the turbulent flow around a three dimensional steep hill using the κ-ε model.