ジェントリフィケーション研究のフロンティア

―2000年代のロンドンの事例を中心に―

抄録

    This paper aims to review gentrification studies from the 2000s. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the number of articles on gentrification has rapidly increased, rising in tandem with the increase in urbanology studies. The governments of advanced capitalist countries generally aim to revitalize deteriorated inner city areas. These policies caused gentrification. A fact was studied in many scholarly articles examining the relationship between urban policy and gentrification. Such studies on gentrification focus not only on Western cities, but also post-socialist cities in Eastern Europe and cities in East Asia and South America.
    This paper also clarifies three points regarding the case of inner London in the 2000s. First, London demonstrates the phenomenon of shifting gentrification frontiers. In 1964, Glass mentioned that the East End had so far been exempted, but gentrification nonetheless occurred in East London in the 2000s. Second, London demonstrates the changing state of gentrification. In Burnsbury, Islington, where gentrification occurred in the 1960s, newcomers to the area engaged in super-gentrification. On the other hand, new-build gentrification altered under-utilized lands along the River Thames. The third point involves the effects of urban policy on gentrification. The London Plan's “Blue Ribbon Network” affected gentrification in the under-utilized land along the old canals in Tower Hamlets and Hackney.