蘚類数種の染色体X

タマゴケ科の核型と性染色体

抄録

1)The chromosome numbers and the karyotypes of genus Philonotis and genus
Bartramia studied are as follows;
Philonotis falcata (Hook.) Mitt _??_K(n)=6=V(X)+3V+J+m(h) _??_K(n)=6=V(Y)+3V+J+m(h)
P. japonica (Schimp.) Par. _??_K(n)=6=V(X)+3V+J+m(h) __??_K(n)=6=V(Y)+3V+J+m(h)
P. carinata Mitt. _??_K(n)=6=V(X)+3V+J+m(h) _??_K(n)=6=V(Y)+3V+J+m(h)
P. lancifol Mitt. _??_K(n)=6=V(H)+3V+J+m(h)
P. seriata Mitt. K(n)=6=V(H)+3V+J+m(h)
P. Turncriana (Schwag, ) Mitt. _??_K(n)=6=V(H)+3V+J+m(h)
P. socia Mitt. (monoploid) _??_K(n)=6=V(X)+3V+J+m(h) _??_K(n)=6=V(Y)+3V+J+m(h)
P. socia Mitt. (diploid) _??_K(n)=12=2V(X, Y)+6V+2J+2m(h)
Bartramia pomiformis (L) Hedw. _??_K(n)=8=V(H)+3V+2J+m+m(h)
B. crispata Shimp. _??_K(n)=8=V(H)+3V+2J+m+m(h)
2)The sex-chromosomes have been found in the four species of Philonotis X and Y are the largest V-shaped heterochromosomes of the male and the female chromosome complements respectively.
3) The intraspecific polyploidy has been found in Philonotis socia (n=6, 12). The diploid plant is a monoecious having two sets of chromosome complements, each of which is similar in the morphology of the formative elements to that of the male or female gametophyte of a monoploid plant respectively. These evidences are suggestive that the diploid plant may have stemmed from the monoploid one by sporophytic apospory.