旅行時間の不確実性が時刻の指定された物資輸送に及ばす影響

抄録

Goods transportation is essentially obliged to be carried and unloaded at a destination site at a certain time. In case that the arrival time of a truck trip is constrained in time-geographic space, travel time uncertainty should be recognized as a significant component in deciding the optimum route and departure time. The truck operator must allow a “safety margin” in their departure time in order to improve the probability of arriving on time. This paper quantitatively evaluates retailers' behavior in terms of the probability of being late and travel time savings. The major result is that most retailers of perishable foods accept the risk of being late less than 5% for the starting time of an auction sale at a wholesale market. For the return trips it is found that they attach weight to both of the factors, namely, the probability of being late for the opening time of their shops and travel time savings.