CLARIFICATION OF TSUNAMI FLUID FORCES ACTING ON A BRIDGE DECK IN VIEW OF TSUNAMI INUNDATION HEIGHT, INCREASING RATE OF INUNDATION DEPTH, TSUNAMI VELOCITY, AND WAVE CELERITY

Abstract

 Authors carried out hydraulic experiments to clarify the tsunami fluid forces acting on a bridge deck subjected to surging breaker bores, plunging breaker bores, and surging waves on drybed in view of tsunami inundation height, increasing rate of tsunami inundation depth, tsunami velocity, and wave celerity. For surging braker bores and surging waves on drybed, Froude number and wave celerity can explain the mechanism of variation of horizontal forces, whereas tsunami inundation height can explain the mechanism of variation of vertical forces. In addition, for surging waves on drybed, vertical forces increase with increasing rate of inundation depth.