2017 Volume 32 Issue 4 Pages 179-185
The purpose of this study was to develop an educational program for direct observers based on the "Five Moments for Hand Hygiene" concept proposed by the World Health Organization. This program adopted the videos that we devised to depict the training and to assess direct observers' skills as training materials. First, it was ascertained in advance that there was no disagreement with respect to the results of direct observation with the test video between the two certified nurses in infection control (CNIC) who had undergone training for hand hygiene direct observation. Subsequently, we set up a 4-hour education program (consisting of a 1-hour lecture, a 2-hour observation exercise with educational videos, and 1 hour of tests and model answers with comments). We then conducted this program on 99 CNICs. The educational program participants were divided into two groups, one group of nurses to be tested before starting and again after completion of the program and the other group to be tested only after completion of the program, to allow comparison of test responses between pre- and post-training statuses in the former group as well as an intergroup comparison of post-training test responses. According to the response results from the group having undergone pre- and post-training tests (n = 43), the number of hand hygiene opportunities increased significantly from a pre-training value of 19.9±6.6 to a post-training value of 24.1±3.0 and the calculated compliance rate decreased significantly from 75.6%±19.5% to 65.9%±9.2%; hence, both the number of hand hygiene opportunities and the compliance rate approached those of model responses (25% and 64%, respectively). In the group having undergone the post-training test only (n = 53), the number of hand hygiene opportunities was 24.2±3.1, which was not appreciably different from the post-training value in the group having undergone both pre- and post-training tests. These results suggest that this education program can improve the ability of direct observation.
