Effectiveness of electrogram-based ablation for chronic atrial fibrillation (CAF) is still controversial.
Methods: To develop a new approach to driver ablation, we recently developed a novel online rapid CAF visualization system (ExTRa Mapping), and conducted catheter ablation in 15 CAF patients.
Results: (1) ExTRa Mapping demonstrated no stationary rotors. Instead, regions with passive activations and/or non-passive activations (multiple wavelets and meandering rotors) were observed. (2) ExTRa-guided ablation targeting non-passive activations terminated the CAF or reduced the CAF inducibility.
Conclusion: The ExTRa Mapping could open a new avenue for CAF ablation.
