The crack propagation behavior in fretting fatigue was investigated with carbon steel S45C. Fretting fatigue tests were carried out under cyclic direct stresses of 100 and 140 MPa, and a contact pressure of p=80MPa for stress ratios of R=0.33, 0, -0.33 and -1. The crack closure phenomenon was monitored by the elastic unloading compliance method with a strain gage attached just beneath the crack front, and it was also observed on a TV monitor. The relationship between crack length a and crack propagation rate da/dN in fretting and unfretting fatigue was affected by stress amplitude σa and R. The crack closure phenomenon occurred markedly in fretting fatigue owing to the compressive force by the fretting pads. The effective stress intensity factor range ΔKeff, calculated by using the measured crack opening ratio U, can represent the crack propagation behavior in fretting fatigue relatively well without the effect of R or σa.
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