Plastic Flow of Chip in Steel Cutting

Abstract

Chip, produced by steel cutting, has two kinds of plastic deformation : the primary deformation occurs in the flow region and the secondary deformation occurs owing to the friction between the chip and the face of tool. To find the effects of cutting conditions on these deformations, orthogonal cutting tests of carbon steel were performed. We observed the cutting ratio, the direction of structure flow, the roughness of chip surface, etc. under various cutting conditions (rake angle of tool, depth of cut, cutting velocity). Furthermore, we proved the reasonableness of existence of a flow region instead of a single shear plane assumed in the conventional cutting theory, by the difference between the measured and the theoretical angles of the inclination of chip flow.