Fatigue tests have been carried out under a constant load, decreasing load, constant stress intensity factor range and constant effective stress intensity factor range, using a Ni-Cr-Mo steel, JIS SNCM439. The residual stress and the half value breadth were measured on the fractured surface, and their correlations with stress intensity factors were investigated. Based on the experimental results, a model for residual stress development was proposed, which can predict the residual stress distribution on the fatigue fractured surface in X-ray fractography.