Journal of Japanese Society of Oral Implantology
Online ISSN : 2187-9117
Print ISSN : 0914-6695
ISSN-L : 0914-6695
Review
Antibacterial Property and Osteoconductivity on Surface Modified Dental Implants
Yo SHIBATATakashi MIYAZAKI
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2020 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 21-27

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Abstract

Recent advances in titanium implantation enable early bone fixation almost entirely associated with physico-chemical sur face modification techniques. Unlike natural periodontal tissues, less immune response at the bone-implant interface does not allow antibacterial property against oral microorganisms. More innovative surface modification techniques for dental implants that attain antibacterial effects and enhanced osteoconductivity have long been needed. So far, selective toxicity to oral bacte ria and osteoconductivity of implants have been entirely different concepts, yet our studies revealed that the reactive oxygen species spontaneously generated on the superficial passive oxide layer of titanium genuinely addresses those issues. A certain modified titanium surface appears to amplify the oxidation effects of reactive oxygen species so that the dental implant gains antibacterial potential and osteoconductivity in parallel. A non-enzymatic intracellular scaffold protein is responsible for tumor stroma stiffening together with the elevated sensitivity to oxidative stress. Our recent pilot studies found a striking resem blance between tumor stroma stiffening and enhanced mechanical properties of mineralized tissues induced by reactive oxy gen species on an amorphous titanium dioxide layer most likely through the above pathological cascade. Contemporary sur face modified dental implants are likely to enable enhanced bone fixation given by such pathological mechanism, far from the initial concept advocated by Professor Brånemark in the 1960s. Further investigation of the antibacterial property on titanium implants will clarify the biological role of titanium, thus extending the field of biomaterials research.

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© 2020 Japanese Society of Oral Implantology
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