特集：放射能の除染にかかわる表面科学
福島第一原子力発電所事故による放射性降下物で汚染された生活環境の回復技術
2013 年 34 巻 3 号 p. 108-118
詳細
2013 年 34 巻 3 号 p. 108-118
Radioactive fallout from the accident of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (NPP), which was caused by the Tohoku earthquake (March 11, 2011), contaminated large area around the nuclear facility. Just after the accident, many studies on the restoration of living environment contaminated by volatile radioactive nuclides such as 134Cs, 137Cs and 131I were started by many universities, national institutes, NGOs and commercial companies. In this report, the sequence of Fukushima Daiichi NPP accident and the spread of radioactive contamination in the living environment are presented firstly, and the decontamination techniques of polluted soil (the mechanical separation techniques such as classification, polishing and washing, and the chemical separation techniques such as sublimation, chemical washing and hydrothermal decomposition) and the water clean-up techniques such as coagulation settling and highly selective adsorption are introduced according to the evaluation results of the FY2011 Decontamination Demonstration Model Works by Ministry of the Environment.
