2004 Volume 57 Issue 8 Pages 521-524
Immunological examination of two dogs (flat-coated retrievers) diagnosed as lymphocytic- plasmacytic gonarthritis revealed a T-cell subset imbalance in the knee joints and increased activity of transforming- growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) as a Th3 cytokine. This finding suggests that immune abnormality mediated by TGF-β1 may play a part in the development of this disease.