2008 Volume 61 Issue 12 Pages 931-935
Among 3, 887 bull calves necropsied in Miyazaki University, hypospadias were observed in 18 (0.46%) bull calves, including 15 with perineal, two with periscrotal and one with glandular hypospadias. Sixteen of 18 calves had associated defects including anorectal anomalies in nine, cardiovascular anomalies in eight and cryptorchidism in seven calves.