自然災害における教員の注意義務と学校経営における危機管理の課題―大川小学校事件を中心として―

抄録

This article aims to clarify concrete contents of teachers' duties of care and the measures they should take in case of a natural disaster. The results of our analysis of certain case judgments, mainly the Okawa Elementary School case, reveal that teachers concretely bear the following duties of care in case of a natural disaster. Prior to the outbreak of a natural disaster, teachers bear the duties to establish crisis control manuals and train themselves to act according to the manuals. After the outbreak of a natural disaster, teachers must positively collect the information regarding the natural disaster and analyze it in order to anticipate the measures necessary to be taken for ensuring their students’ safety. Furthermore, after the outbreak of damage, teachers bear the obligation to rescue their students as and when a rescue operation is possible. To fulfill such duties, firstly, the range of teachers’ duties should be clarified. Then, it is indispensable for teachers to cooperate with the experts of the natural disaster.