The purpose of this paper is to investigate the physical meaning of the indentation hardness such as Brinell, Mayer-hardness, etc., and to find the relations between hardness and its measuring methods, i. e. 1) the felation between indenting tools and hardness, 2) the relation between the amount of plastic deformation and hardness, and 3) the relation among the number of hardness, the indenting load and the depth of indentation.