This paper reports damage detection and vibration control of a new smart board designed by mounting piezoelectric fibers with metal cores on the surface of a CFRP composite. Damage to the board is identified on the assumption that the piezoelectric fibers used as sensors and actuators are broken simultaneously at the damaged location. First, the length of the piezoelectric fibers is measured to derive a finite-element method (FEM) model of the cantilever beam. If the fiber length is shortened due to a break, there is a decrease not only in actuator performance but also in the sensor output. Damage detection is based on the computed relation between the input/output signals and the damage position. Furthermore, a reduced-order model that considers only the first mode is derived for the controller design and transformed into a linear fractional transformation (LFT) representation for the gain-scheduled controller design. The position of the damage is the contributing parameter in the variation. Next, the gain-scheduled controller is designed using LFT representation. Finally, the experimental results of the damage detection and the gain-scheduled control are presented. These results show that our gain-scheduled controller can improve control performance when damage causes a break in the piezoelectric fiber.