明治初期における書字教育の技能教育化

抄録

This study confirmed that writing education changed to skill education during the early Meiji era. The subject of penmanship was altered to include two separate topics of the intellectual education during the Edo era. It was divided into "Shuji-ka" (penmanship) and "Sakubun-ka" (composition) in the lower courses, whereas in the advance courses, these topics were unified by the letter-writing education of the "Gakusei" educational system in 1872. Until the 1870s, "Shuji-ka" retained both composition and intellectual education functions; however, in the 1880s, these functions were lost. This was due to the utilitarianism and penmanship theories of Western spread in Japan. Therefore, it was acquired only through practical use and eliminated as a function of language education.