戦後カナダ外交における普遍主義と対日関係-日加関係一九四六～六八年-

日本・カナダ関係の史的展開

抄録

Japanese-Canadian relations during the early postwar years have two distinguishing characteristics; first, the development of bilateral relations between the two nations has been based mainly on economic issues, second, political and diplomatic cooperation among Canada and Japan at the multilateral level has expanded widely.
Canada has promoted active policies at the United Nations, and has identified itself as a middle power. In addition, Canadian attitudes towards external affairs have reflected globalism and universalism, as expressed in the U. N. Charter.
Canada has defined its activism as “functionalism” that even middle or small powers should have the right to participate in the decision-making of international organizations, especially in those areas the middle or small powers can make strong contributions.
The Canadian Government was quite indifferent to Asia and the Pacific regions until its participation in the founding of the United Nations after World War II. Canada's strong interest in the maintenance of world peace led Canada to take a part in certain Asia-Pacific affairs, including the peace settlement with Japan.
Canadian interest in Japan was divided into two issues. One was the demilitarization and democratization of Japan, while the other was the development of bilateral trade. By 1950 the Canadian Government recognized that this first task was completed with the allied occupation.
As for the second issue, Canada promoted the long-term healthy recovery of the Japanese economy and the maintenance of an open market for Canada. Ottawa then supported Japan's entry into GATT, and admitted most-favoured treatment for Japan in the 1954 bilateral trade agreement. This was one of the first equitable treatments for Japan, which had had to endure hard discrimination in trade relations with many other countries such as Britain and Australia.
The Canadian Government also strongly supported Japan's entry into other multilateral organizations during the 1950's and early 1960's, while economic relations between them developed dramatically during the same period.
Strong and friendly Canadian-Japanese relations are the result of their expansion in trade and their cooperation at the multilateral level. The Canadian support for Japan's political revival in the world was based especially upon the universalism of Canadian Foreign Policy.