社会主義の「矛盾」論争 (一九八一-八四年)
ソ連圏諸国の内政と外交
1986 年 1986 巻 81 号 p. 97-114,L11
詳細
1986 年 1986 巻 81 号 p. 97-114,L11
The notion of “contradiction” in Maxist terminolgy is rather commonplace, but “contradiction under socialism” had seldom been discussed in Soviet Academic circles. However, there have been developed a new phage in it: The rise and fall of “Solidarity” movement in Poland, coupled with the economic “difficulty” in the USSR, gave rise to the new discussion on the contradiction amongst the party and philosophical circles. Vice President of the Academy of Sciences Fedoseev was the first to launch controversial debate over the “antagonistic contradiction under socialism” in 1981, though he saw it in exceptional circumstances. Editor of “Problems of Philosophy” Semenov and a reseacher named Butenko were the strong advocators of “Antagonistic contradictions under socialism, ” though Butenko's analysis on it was surely one of the most critical and far-reaching analysis of “developed socialism” ever made in the USSR, even though his analysis lacked class approach. Although public debates took place in the academic circles in 1982-84, some philosophers like Fedoseev and Ili'chev who were more or less innovators and a more orthodox ideologue, Medvedev, became critical towards Butenko's analysis, and public discussion seemes to have been terminated by the middle of 1984.
Still the discussion itself seems significant on three planes; fivstly, this was an indirect but academic discussion on the impact of the Polish affair on theory and practice of existing socialim. Some apparently departed from the stereo-type image of “counter-revolution” in Poland, and Bukenko even discussed the possibility of “deformation of socialism”.
Secondly, this was also a discussion on the necessity of economic reform. Fedoseev and others arged for the change of economic system and “productive relations” which lag behind the “productive forces, ” the basic contradiction of socialism was attributed to it.
Thirdly, conctradiction controversy apparently reflected the new discussion on the future of Soviet society. The party programme was to be changed in the 27th Communist Party Congress, and Fedoseev, Medvedev and other participants in the discussion were also the members of this draft commission.
