アジア新興工業国の科学技術開発と東アジア国際システム -台湾と韓国の技術開発政策の展開を中心に-

科学技術と国際政治

抄録

With the advent of the Modern Age, developoment in science and technology have grown into major factors in international relations with far reaching consequences for world politics. Industrial development and technological advancement have become almost synonymous and represent principal factors in the shifting balance of production and innovation underlying world economic and political power. Economic power, political power, technological development and international relations are intrinsically linked. Moreover, as Henry Nau suggested, technology cannot be abstracted from its social context; technology creates its own politics, a politics of technocratic elite control, and, historically, dominant groups have developed technology to serve their social aspirations.
The basic argument is that in the Asian NICs the technocratic elite has harnessed technology development to two principal purposes, one to upgrade their industrial structure in the enduring process of catching up with the industrial countries, and second, to increase their military capabilities in view of the persisting security dilemma. In the Asian NICs the economies have been guided by the state bureaucracy in close consultation with the private sector. Technology advancement and developoment have been an integral part of their economic plans.
In this paper it is attempted to discuss the role and function of science and technology development in the developmental experience of Taiwan and South Korea and their attempt to develop indigenous technology and assess the impact of their enchanced science and technology capabilities on the international system.
The paper is structured into several distinct parts. First, we shall discuss the conceptual utility and relational aspects of technology development, Newly Industrializing Countries, and the International System. Second, the technological level of the two Asian NICs will be assessed in terms of their development of science and technology capabilities and the institutional environment in which S T policy must operate. And finally, the development of science and technology capabilities in these Asian NICs will be assessed in terms of their economic and strategic salience for the international system.