初期ASEAN再考-冷戦構造下のアジア地域主義とASEAN-
ASEAN全体像の検証
1997 年 1997 巻 116 号 p. 17-31,L6
詳細
1997 年 1997 巻 116 号 p. 17-31,L6
It is widely believed that ASEAN used to be an anti-communist alliance in its nature with close relations with United States policy in Asia. This article aims at negating this image of ASEAN through an attempt to show that ASEAN was different from other cold-war-related regional organizations in Asia.
In April 1965, the Johnson administration began to support Asians' efforts to formulate a framework for regional cooperation. Under a strong U. S. influence, Asian initiatives created such organizations as the Asian Development Bank, the Asia and Pacific Council, and the Southeast Asian Ministerial Conference on Economic Development in 1966. In the following year, ASEAN was created by predominantly anti-communist governments including such allies of S. E. A. T. O. as the Philippines and Thailand. It is, therefore, natural to associate ASEAN with U. S. -inspired, anti-communist Asian regionalism.
A careful look at the formation process of ASEAN does not support this presumption. U. S. policy-makers welcomed ASEAN, but they did not advise any prospective participants to create a new anti-communist organization. Nor did ASEAN participants attempt to make the organization on integral part of U. S. anti-communist strategy. On the contrary, ASEAN governments tried to disassociate themselves with U. S. policy. Furthermore, in its first few years, ASEAN proved to be useful in dealing with disputes between members. ASEAN was by and large a product of mutual concerns of participants, rather than U. S. influence.
