ラット口蓋粘膜瘢痕組織由来筋線維芽細胞に関する生化学的検討

抄録

In cleft lip and palate patients, a scar tissue after surgical operation causes several difficulties on orthodontic treatment. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the biochemical characteristics of cultured myofibroblasts isolated from experimental scar tissue in rat palatal mucoperiosteum, compared with those of normal fibroblasts in palatal mucoperiosteum and smooth muscle cells in thoracic artery.
Myofibroblasts in the stationary phase were more aggrigative than fibroblasts. Both the capacity of retracting collagen lattices and the amount of actin filaments of Triton-insoluble cytoskeleton were higher in myofibroblasts than those in fibroblasts.
The amount of collagen synthesized and the ratio of type III to I collagen was higher in myofibroblasts.
Prostaglandins biosynthesized from [¹⁴C] arachidonic acid in myofibroblasts and fibroblasts were prostaglandin D₂i E₂ and F_2α, and the activitiy of producing each prostaglandin was not significantly different between both cells, whereas smooth muscle cells produced mainly prostaglandin 1₂. In myofibroblasts, the effect of some drugs (bradykinin, 5-hydroxytryptamine and prostaglandin F_2α) to release arachidonic acid and prostaglandin E₂ was lower than that in fibroblasts, being similar to that in smooth muscle cells.
Myofibroblasts cultured in this study reflected the chracteristic features of scar tissue from which those were isolated.