シュプランガーの宗教的人間観への一考察

抄録

The purpose of this paper is to examine the problem of Spranger's 'view of man'. The clarification of this problem is de facto connected with Spranger's value theory, his ethical and religious ideas. It is noteworthy that Spranger deducts two ethical models from religion. These are the 'expanded ethics' (die erweiternde Ethik) and the 'limiting ethics' (die beschränkende Ethik); both stand in contradiction to each other, hence man experiences an ethical contradiction. But man's character matures by overcoming this ethical contradiction and he becomes the appropriate subject of value judgment and action and thus is able to lead a meaningful life. According to Spranger man realizes that he is protected by God when he listens to the voice of God speaking to him through the conscience. I have characterised this interpretation of the nature of man by Spranger as his religious view of man. This religious view of man forms also one characteristic attribute of Spranger's educational theory.
At the background of this religious view of man rests the idea of 'world piety' (Weltfrommigkeit); this implies a salvation from secular worldliness and approaching the Holy, by overcoming the worldly sufferings through living in the world. In my mind, Spranger's religious view of man can make an important contribution to the ethical foundations of contemporary education and to the ethos of the educator.