エスニック・ツーリズムと原住民文化 : 台湾におけるテーマパークの実践事例から

抄録

There are three theme parks presenting the indigenous culture in Taiwan. Among them is Taiwan Indigenous Peoples Culture Park, which was established in 1976 and has been administrated by the Council of Indigenous Peoples, Executive Yuan since 2002. Analyzing the case of this park, this paper examines the functions of public theme parks and the represented ethnic groups in conservation of the indigenous culture and the development of tourism. The main findings from the analysis are: 1) intangible culture such as the lifestyle, custom, and art, as well as tangible culture, is represented in archives through symbolization, electronization and embedding staffs body, 2) the staff are required to be fully equipped with knowledge on the culture of the 14 tribes through training, 3) presenting the physical aspects of the indigenous culture through the 'participative attractions' such as 'ball spiking' and 'shooting', this park adapts the display method employed in 'ethnological exhibit' functions. These observations imply the role of public theme parks as a significant form of ethnic tourism in generating a new public image on 'unity' among indigenous ethnic groups and their 'integration' into the country.