文部省外郭団体「生活改善同盟会」の設立経緯と設立活動の中心人物 : 大正期・昭和初期に行われた住宅改良運動の史的研究

抄録

The purpose of this study is to shed a light to the housing improvement movements initiated by the Seikatsukaizen-Domeikai, the Ministry of Education's outer organization and a semi-governmental office and the persons who were actively involved in the movements as members of the organization. The movements were active during the periods between the Taisho and the Early Showa Eras. The results are as follows: 1. The Fourth Division of the Ministry of Education which was newly establised in 1919 held the Seikatsukaizen Exhibition and the Seikatsukaizen Workshops. They were the Division's first social education activities and the Seikatsukaizen-Domeikai was established to support them in 1920. 2. The major founding members of the Seikatsukaizen-Domeikai were Mr. Kaju Norisugi, Director of the Fourth Division of the Ministry of Education and Mr. Kentaro Tanahashi, Director of the Tokyo Educational Museum. Of the two it is speculated that the latter was actually involved in the preparation for establishing the Domeikai organization. 3. Because of the need for financial supports from profit organizations in order pursue its activities, the Domeikai changed its original function into a more realistic one. 4. The board of directors included people of a large variety of professions. Among them were government officials, members of the Diet, company executives and educators.