クラスターを固体表面に衝撃させる

――「くさび効果」から単原子層クラスター生成まで――

抄録

'Cluster impact', collision of a cluster onto a solid surface, induces specific many-body phenomena leading to splitting of a chemical bond by impulsive force, quasi-equilibrium at temporal ultrahigh temperature and pressure, formation of monatomic-layered clusters on a solid surface, etc. Specificities of the cluster impact originate from many-body multiple collision, which results in localization of energies within hundreds femtoseconds and subsequent formation of the quasi-equilibrium in the following several to tens picoseconds. This account presents essence of such a new field of science in combination with tailored instrumentation for the cluster impact.