『日露戦争実記』における視覚の構成 : 誌面構成・従軍写真班・活動写真

抄録

This article analyzes the page layouts of photography magazines during the Russo-Japanese War, and it thus reveals the emergence of the "photographic construction of vision" in photography magazines, or the mutual referencing and montage between the photographs and the text on the same page. The page layouts of photography magazines are visually constructed not only by the photographs themselves but also by the relationship between the photographs and the text such as articles or captions. Such "photographic construction of vision" in these magazines is a historic phenomenon. Through an examination of the Records of the Russo-Japanese War (Nichiro senso jikki) and its special issue Photographic Pictorial of Russo-Japanese War (Nichiro senso shashin gaho), a study of the photography correspondents dispatched by these magazines, and a comparative analysis of the page layouts and the moving pictures of that time, this article reveals that the concept of photographic construction emerged in photography magazines around 1900. This finding can be confirmed by the following observations: (1) the editor's reflective consideration of photo editing, (2) mutual referencing between the photographs and the text, and (3) the photographic style of the montages used in the magazine. Finally, this article concludes that such photographic construction became more complicated and established in later periods, and that it came to be a precursor of the modernist movement in the 1930s and the war propaganda by means of photographs in the 1940s. Moreover, it caused distraction and lead to readers cursorily examining the relationship between the text and photographs without deconstructing this relationship.