Contamination of nivalenol and deoxynivalenol in damaged wheat and barley spikes: frequency and bioconversion
2003 Volume 2003 Issue Suppl3 Pages 331-336
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2003 Volume 2003 Issue Suppl3 Pages 331-336
A total of 194 wheat and barley spikes showing head blight symptoms were collected randomly in May 2002 from fields located at Kagawa University Farm, Miki, Japan. The presence of NIV-and DON-producing strains of F. graminearum was confirmed in a subset of the samples. Based on the distribution of NIV and DON contamination in the spikes as analyzed by GC-MS, it is likely that under low disease incidence and severity, spikes are commonly infected by one and rarely by both producers in the field. A gradual decrease in the frequencies of 4-ANIV and 3-ADON contamination, compared to those of their unacetylated forms, was observed when spikes were stored at 2°C and analyzed over a period of 110 days after sampling. It is possible that deacetylation was induced by host-plant enzymes during the maturation of cereal grains.
