血液凝固に關する研究

第1編 血小板の作用について

抄録

Factors taking part in blood coagulation in platelet extracts produced from oxalated human plasma, and effects of several drugs on the number of platelets and no the function of the platelet extracts were studied. And the comparison of the resistance of platelet against distilled water between patients with hemophilia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and normal subjects was performed.
The followings were the conclusion arrived.
(1) Platelet extract possesses the thromboplastin activity, labile factorlike activity, the accelerating activity of the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin and the activity of plasma thromboplastin activation, and all the above activities except the activation of plasma thromboplastin are destroyed by heating at 60°C for 20 minutes.
(2) The thromboplastin activity of normal subjects is equivalent to 320 to 5120 times dilution of rabbit brain thromboplastin. With ITP it is reduced, and by blood transfusion or splenectomy it will regain normal level. The thromboplastin activity of platelet extracts with hemophilia is of similar with normal. There is no difference with other diseases.
(3) The thromboplastin activity is reduced in the platelet extracts stored in an ice-box at 0°C.
(4) Variation of the thromboplastin activity of platelet extracts is independent of the number of platelets.
(5) Labile factor-like activity of platelet extracts of normal individuals is equivalent to 40 times dilution of labile factor in plasma. Labile factor-like activities of platelet extracts with ITP and aplastic anemia appear to be less than normal.
(6) ACTH and cortisone increase the number of platelets. Their effects are conspicuous in thrombocytopenia with splenomegaly, and an increase of the number of platelets enhances the thromboplastin activity of platelet extract.
(7) As to the resistance of platelet against distilled water, the one of hemophilia is stronger than of normal. In a case of ITP, it is weaker than the normal subject.