血液凝固に關する研究

第2編 血漿および血清中のトロンボプラスチン形成因子について

抄録

The activity of the plasma thromboplastin were studied, representing the thromboplastin dilution curves with normal subjects as well as various diseases and measuring the plasma recalcified clotting time with diseases of the blood and the liver. Then the thromboplastin generation test (Biggs and Douglas, 1953) was discussed. Consequently a new method for thromboplastin generation was devised. Applying this method, the thromboplastin formation factors in plasma and serum were analysed, and the thromboplastin formation activity in normal subjects as well as in hemorrhagic diathesis, especially in hemophilia, was examined.
The following conclusions were arrived:
(1) The thromboplastin dilution curve shows the degree of the plasma thromboplastin activation. With the prolongation of recalcified plasma clotting time, the degree of the activation decreases in hemophilia, aplastic anemia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and disease of the liver.
(2) The thromboplastin dilution curve which is obtained by using tissue thromboplastin produced from brain, testicle and muscle of hemophilia forms a peculiar one.
(3) There is enough ground for further examination and study with thromboplastin generation test which was introduced by Biggs and Douglas in measuring plasma thromboplastin factors. Therefore it cannot be considered as being a competent method.
(4) The new method for thromboplastin generation was devised and hereby described.
(5) For the plasma thromboplastin formation, platelets not less than 100 X 10⁴/cmm are needed, but even though the number of platelets increase more than the above, it does not affect the degree of the plasma thromboplastin formation.
(6) When plasma is diluted 1 in 5 with normal saline, the activity of the plasma thromboplastin formation is the strongest.
(7) It is observed that there are the factors for thromboplastin formation in plasma, which are absorbed by barium sulfate, barium carbonate and aluminium hydroxide and eluted from the barium sulfate absorbant by sodium citrate.
(8) Antihemophilic globulin (AHG) is present in the 33 per cent saturated ammonium sulfate fraction of normal plasma and plasma thromboplastin component (PTC) is present in the 34 to 50 per cent saturated fraction. They exert their actions only when exist together.
(9) A thromboplastin formation factor, which exerts its action in concert with AHG, is present in the 34 to 50 per cent saturated ammonium sulfate fraction of normal serum and its activity is stronger than PTC in the 34 to 50 per cent saturated ammonium sulfate fraction of normal plasma.
(10) A new factor was found in the 51 to 70 per cent saturated ammonium sulfate fraction of normal serum. This factor does not exert its activity independently but contributes to the thromboplastin formation when AHG, PTC and platelets exist. It was named “Thromboplastin Generation Serum Factor (TGSF)”.
(11) TGSF exists in an inactivated form in plasma and is strongly activated in serum. Its activity is destroyed by heating at 56°C for 10 minutes and absorbed by barium sulfate.
(12) The thromboplastin generation test was performed with normal subjects and the normal range of variation in the thromboplastin generation was decided.
(13) The thromboplastin formation activity of 10 cases of hemorrhagic diathesis except hemophilia is within the normal range.
(14) 3 cases of patients which had been diagnosed as hemophilia by the ordinary laboratory methods, were reexamined and hemophilia and PTC deficiency were classified.