血漿膠滲圧及び血液水分像に關する基礎的及び臨床的研究

抄録

Plasma oncotic pressure and blood water content were studied clinically from the viewpoint of edema pathogenesis.
The conclusions were as follows:
1) Three components of oncotic pressure, namely, true oncotic pressure of protein particles, Donnan's pressure and pressure from swelling of protein colloids were studied theoretically. Also isolation of human plasma albumin and γ-globulin were performed by Howe's method and equations for calculating the oncotic pressure of each collid were established, namely A=36x^1.33 for albumin and G=6x^1.60 for γ-globulin. (x: concentration of colloids gm/dl)
2) Clinical studies of 186 cases suffering from diseases producing edema (such as heart disease, renal disease, liver disease, anemia, carcinoma etc.) have been carried out, especially concerning edema pathogenesis.
Most conspicuous changes of blood water content have been shown in the cases of heart disease, nephrosis and anemia, namely in the cases of heart disease both plasma and corpuscle water were moderately increased, and in the cases of nephrosis remarkable increase of plasma water was present but not in corpuscle water. However in the cases of anemia, water content of corpuscle was only increased without the accompaning increase of plasma water.
Oncotic pressure of plasma of such cases was also studied in its relationship with the plasma protein concentration and its fractions. Most remarkable decrease of oncotic pressure, plasma protein and albumin level has been shown in the cases of nephrosis, also remarkable decrease of oncotic pressure with normal plasma protein concentration but with low albumin and high γ-globulin level has been shown in the cases of liver cirrhosis.
3) General relationship between plasma oncotic pressure and concentration of protein fractions was studied and a new equation for calculating the oncotic pressure from the concentration of plasma protein fractions has been established and examined, namely.
P=90(Al+1/3α-gl+1/4γ-gl)-75