現代グアテマラにおける政治暴力の変容

―「ジェノサイド」からポスト紛争期を中心に―

抄録

  The Commission on Historical Clarification in Guatemala (CEH) organized by the United Nations based on the Peace Agreement signed by the Guatemalan Government and the URNG, recognized that the Army and other agents of the Guatemalan State, inspired by the Doctrine of National Security, committed acts of genocide against the Maya people. The CEH named three mutually-dependent “structural” or “historical” causes of genocide: economic exploitation, racism and political authoritarianism. In this article, the analytical framework composed by the combination of four types of violence, (1) Direct political, (2) Structural, (3) Symbolic, and (4) Everyday forms of violence, is used to find out the continuing structure of the state violence which lead to genocide, as well as the changing forms and expressions of the political violence in the aftermath of genocide, focusing on the political impact of the act of “naming genocide” and the “privatization of the violence.”