Although etiology of idiopathic scoliosis is unknown, we designed to investigate thermography of back in idiopathic scoliosis and discuss its usefulness. Thermographic examination was performed in 142 children. 19 children had straight spines, 24 had functional curves and 99 sustained idiopathic scoliosis. We compared their thermographies and X-ray films of them. We showed criteria of the thermography. We suggested that in screening of spinal deformity thermographic observation was useful and it gave us functional factor in scoliosis.