Recent advances in immunosuppression(IS)have improved the outcomes in pediatric liver transplantation(LT). Particular attention should be paid to several difference between children and adults in IS for LT. Better understanding of the pharmacokinetics of immunosuppressants in children is one of the most important issues, although data on this aspect are still insufficient. Controling alloreactivity by appropriate IS is crucial for the success of pediatric LT. In our series of pediatric living donor LT, younger children suffering from acute liver failure often encountered steroid-resistant rejection after LT. The selection of immunosuppressive agents must be clues to overcome steroid-resistant rejection. Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)is also one of the major topics in pediatric LT. Monitoring of EBV-viral DNA load and lymphocyte surface markers may be effective to control EBV infection after LT. Basic and clinical epoch-making data related to immune tolerance have been reported in pediatric recipients undergoing living donor LT in Kyoto, which may bring significant benefits to pediatric LT in the near future.