ナノ・マイクロ粒子のDDS技術と臨床応用

抄録

Drug delivery systems (DDS) which deal with nanoparticles or micro-particles have been extensively developing to meet the needs of patients. In this review, we introduced various kinds of drug carriers. Liposome is a phospholipid-based biocompatible nanocarrier which is one of well-studied for several decades. Liposomes can encapsulate the drugs with narrow therapeutics window to prevent the severe side effects. Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-loaded liposomes can prolong the blood circulation time and shows passive accumulation into tumor tissue (Passive targeting), which is called as enhanced permeability and retention effect. Specific ligand-conjugated liposomes have the ability to make the liposomes home the target cells and tissues (Active targeting). Specific stimuli-responsive liposomes can be used to control the drug release to target site by the stimulation as trigger (Triggered release). In addition, the characteristics of other nanoparticles including albumin-based nanoparticles, micelles, dendrimer, emulsions, metal nanoparticles and polymer particles were introduced. Current progress of DDS technology would result in the emergence of new nano- and micro carriers with different platforms. The information about functional nanoparticles and microparticles will be useful for the medical staffs to understand the current and future particle-based medicine.