不均一な位相,振幅分布をもつ開口による回折像

IV: 回折像強度分布

抄録

This paper deals with the effects of non-uniform amplitude aperture illumination on the three-dimensional intensity distribution in the neighborhood of focus of an optical system which has a circular aperture with and without primary and secondary spherical aberrations expressed by the Zernike polynomials. A large number of intensity distributions are calculated numerically by the 24-point Gaussian quadrature method with an electronic computer. Diagrams of the contour lines of intensity (the isophotos) are shown and are compared with the result of the previously published papers on uniform amplitude aperture illumination. When the non-uniformity of positive amplitude aperture illumination becomes large, the bright central nucleus of the three-dimensional image becomes longer and narrower similar to the case of an annular aperture. Consequently both the focal depth and resolving power are increased. When in the negative case the non-uniformity becomes large, the three-dimensional intensity distributions are spread over a broad region of the geometrical cone of rays, whereby the higher orders of diffraction patterns are attenuated.