1970 年 39 巻 5 号 p. 396-405
A ferroelectric capacitor is connected to a properly chosen a. c. voltage generator, and heated nearly to the Curie point by the dielectric loss. Such an element has an ability to stabilize its own temperature automatically, thus its electrical properties are also stabilized. Such a device, which is called TANDEL here, has been developed and applied for several purposes such as electrometric devices, measurement of small velocities or flowing rate, nonlinear piezoelectric pickups, and modulators.