The relationship between growth directions of BaTiO3 and orientations of TiO2 surface in hydrothermal process

Abstract

The microstructure of BaTiO₃ (BT) grown under hydrothermal conditions was observed. The transmission electron microscopic images and electron diffraction patterns indicate that BT grows selectively on rutile TiO₂ {110} and {100} surfaces with unique orientation relationships, such as [100]BT//(1-10)TiO₂, [001]BT//[111]TiO₂ and [100]BT//[100]TiO₂, [011]BT//[001]TiO₂. The relationships are consistent with that obtained in hydrothermally synthesized BaTiO₃ on a TiO₂ (110) single crystal.