The concept of achievement motive in Japanese children was examined in a follow-up to a study (Miyamoto, 1989) with college students, by rating the behavior characteristics of targets: Each child was asked to choose two close mates as targets; one was judged to be highly motivated to achieve and the other to be low motivated. The results were in line with those obtained with Japanese college students, i. e. Japanese highly achievement motivated child targets who were rated by their peers showed challenge seeking and at the same time demonstrate social attitudes such as social responsibility and cooperativeness. The data indicates that social attitudes as well as challenge seeking are important factors of the achievement motive of Japanese children.