Successful treatment of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis with G-CSF and M-CSF during long-term bone marrow suppression in hypoplastic leukemia

Abstract

A 52-year-old man was admitted for treatment of hypoplastic leukemia (M1). After induction chemotherapy with IDR and AraC, the patient developed prolonged febrile neutropenia, and a diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis was made. We started administration of AMPH-B and G-CSF, but the patient showed no clinical improvement. M-CSF was added to the regimen, and this led to an increase in the white blood cell count with resolution of pneumonia. It is suggested that administration of M-CSF with antibiotics and G-CSF may be beneficial for treating acute leukemia patients with prolonged febrile neutropenia after intensive chemotherapy.