As one of the effective techniques of CO2 sequestration, a systematic afforestation method at the project level in an arid area has been proposed, and Australia was chosen as the trial site: Appropriate carbon sequestration estimation technique has not been determined in this arid area. Thus, in this research, the stand biomass estimation combined with vegetation classification was examined. A decision tree method was chosen as the vegetation classification method. Vegetation indices (NDVI, SAVI, MSAVI1, MSAVI2, OSAVI) were used for the stand biomass estimation method. The overall accuracy of the vegetation classification result was 89%, and the Khat statistics was 0.86. Therefore, the vegetation classification accuracy was considered to be reliable. Strong correlations (R2=0.88-0.96) between the vegetation indices except MSAVI1 and the stand biomass were observed. Thus, all the vegetation indices except MSAVI1 were considered to be applicable to this research area. However, the stand biomass estimation combined with vegetation classification increased the difference between estimated values and actual values. This was considered to be attributable to the vegetation classification error. Considering the specific circumstances that more than 95% of this research area is bare ground or Acacia aneura woodland, the estimation error was decreased by omitting other classification items.
