十六世紀後半絶対王政の救貧政策 : 一五九七年「救貧条例」を中心に

抄録

In England there was a drastic secularisation of the poor relief system during the later reign of Elizabeth I. It embodied the two great codes of 1597 and 1601. The main features of English poor relief system were legally established by the statute of 1597. It was the first law regulating elaborately the statuory authority for compulsory poor rate, the system of setting the poor on work, and the administrative organization. The poor relief policy divided itself into (A) items for providing work for unemployed poors, (B) items for erecting and govering the House of Corrections, and (C) items for apprenticeship of parish children. The contents analysed in this study are as fellows; I]The problematic points of the 1957 law. II]the view on the increase of poor people. III]the poor relief policy of the absolute monarchy. -especially on the statute of 1597- The Elizabethan government intended to force all of the poor to work in its industrial programs, and the 1597 law was enacted as a part of the program. Therefore, this poor law system were destined to be destroyed in the Civil War, and concurrently the poor relief policy of absolute government also ended.