わが国産業革命期における生鮮食料品の流通機構と卸売商組織化政策 : 総括にかえて (産業革命と国内流通機構 日本とイギリスの比較市場(いちば)史)

抄録

The main aim of our symposium was to re-examine the economic significance of domestic structure of distribution concerning the perishable food wholesaler from a new viewpoint, i. e. to re-evaluate the wholesale markets as a basal condition of making provision of perishable food for labor family after the industrial revolution. Ih this paper I have attempted to survey the modernization of the former type of markets, namely, that is regarded as a necessary means of livelihood (Lebensmittel), under the "Genchiku-ki" and the industrial revolution in the Meiji era. Firstly based on 75 prefectural market rules (Fu-ken Ichiba Kisoku), I tried to make Table 6 which shows the official grants of food wholesale markets in 39 prefectures before 1922. In this fable we can find the facts that most of all rules were not only police one but also economic institutions. That is, during the Meiji era the increasing appearance of fish, fruits and vegetables markets, as well as the desire for official rules to promote public order and benefit, led the prefecture to include in their market rules provisions extending protection to old merchant capitals in the brotherhood union, as well as to the municipal corporation in the holding of his privilege. The second half of my article is devoted to the analysis of the administrative development of three official fish markets, namely, Ohmori, Iriyamazu and Haneda, which is contiguous to each other, in Tokyo prefecture in Genchikuki. In this case study, which is based on the original documents i. e. the disputes about holding the authorized markets involving the fish wholesaler in Nihonbashi fish market, leading role of old fish merchant capital forming the system of one village, one market and one dealing party is strikingly impressive. In other words, the birth of official market was an authentic example of the modernizdtion of perishable food merchant capital in Japanese modern community.