胡麻の品種に関する研究 : (6)貯蔵年次による胡麻種子の発芽および品種間差異と2〜3の形質との関係について

抄録

This experiment was made with 39 leading varieties of sesame seeds collected from seven countries including Japan to the change in germination conditions due to the passage of storage years since 1952 to 1957. The difference was seen among the varieties, and the relation to their several characters (seeds from Israel produced in 1952 were not used). The seeds were stored in the seed containers at room temperature. During the experiment a Jacobsen germinater was used for making the germination rate : 3 days, germination ratio : 10 days at 35℃. This experiment was made in 1957 and the results obtained are as follows. 1) Germination markedly dropped after the storage of five years, the worse case being that of the African varieties (germination ratio : about 10%) and the best that of the Japanese or Chinese varieties (germination ratio : about 30〜40%). 2) Those of the American varieties showed 50 per cent germination ratio after the storage of three years. Those of the Indian, Israel, Japanese and American varieties needed four years to gain the same result. 3) When the sesame seeds were stored comparatively carefully, their utilization period was four years and their longevity was five to six years. 4) Those of the temperate zone showed longer storage endurance than those of the tropical zone. 5) It took three to six days for the fresh seeds and seven to eight days for the old ones to germinate. 6) In the case of the fresh seeds the variety that contained more oil generally took more days to germinate. 7) When the weight of the 1000 seeds and germination coefficient of those harvested in 1953 were taken into covariance, in the case of the Japanese varieties : the lighter the seeds, the higher germination coefficient followed. In the case of the American varieties : some showed just the same phenomena as the Japanese varieties and some just the reverse. As for the seeds harvested in 1957,in the case of the African origin : the germination coefficient was higher when some seeds were heavier and when others were lighter. 8) When oil contents and germination coefficlent of those harvested in 1953 were taken into covariance, in the case of the American varieties : the more oil they contained, the higher germination coefficient they showed, while those of the Indonesian varieties, the less oil they showed. When compared with those harvested in 1957,in the case of the Japanese varieties, the more oil they contained the higher germination coefficient was obtained.