アメリカにおける化学物質管理法改革の行方

既存化学物質と2つのTSCA改正法案

抄録

The debate over "TSCA reform," or the amendment of Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976, has been underway in the United States since the mid-2000s, and has been gaining momentum over the last few years. REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals) regulation, enacted in the European Union in December 2006, seems to be one of the key elements that stimulated such debate. This note analyzes two prospective legislations to amend TSCA which were introduced in the 113th Congress and finds the basic direction to which TSCA reform would go. Both bills would address at least one of the regulatory gaps under the current legislation; revamping existing chemicals program of TSCA and promoting risk assessment and management of such chemicals. However, the both differ in some points, especially the burden on the industry to develop and collect chemical risk data, and requirements for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to implement risk management actions on hazardous chemicals.